（二）地点状语从句
地点状语从句用where, wherever引导
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
Wherever they went, they received a warm welcome. 无论他们走到哪儿都受到热烈欢迎。
（三）原因状语从句
原因状语从句用because（因为），since（既然）, as（由于）引导
1、由why提问必须用because回答。
since, as不回答why的提问，而且从句一般放在句首，because一般放在主句之后。
2、because of +名词
Because of the rain, we didn’t go to the park.
3、because 和so不可连用，只能选其一。（另有although, but）
Why didn’t he come to school? Because he was ill.
Since I must die, I must. 既然我一定要死，我一定这样做。
4、for并列连词，不能放在句首，主要放在两个并列句之间。for所提供的理由为一个补充说明，而且前面常有逗号隔开。
The days are short, for it is December now.
（四）目的状语从句
目的状语从句用so（常用于口语）, that, so that, in order that引导
目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。
We’ll sit never to the front so we can hear better.
He studied hard so that he might succeed. 他努力学习，以便成功。
They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.
他们急忙赶往火车站，以便能赶上火车。
（五）条件状语从句
1．if 和unless
if 表示正面的条件，意为“如果”，unless表示反向的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。例如：
If you’ve got exams tomorrow, why aren’t you studying？如果你明天有考试，你为什么不学习？
The sports meet will begin tomorrow unless it rains.运动会明天将要开始，除非下雨。
【专家提醒】 条件状语从句中常用一般时表示将要发生的动作。
2. providing, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that), as long as, so long as, on condition that 和in case
这些连词(词组)意思相近，有“如果，只要，假如，假使，在……条件下”等意思。例如：
All living things respire as long as they live.
所有的生物只要他们活着都要呼吸。
Supposing (that) you fail a second time, don’t get disappointed, but try again.
假如你又一次失败了，不要泄气，再试一次。
On condition that the liquid is cooled still further, it will turn to a solid.
如果液体进一步冷却的话，会变成固体。
3．only if和if only
only if 引导的从句用陈述语气，意为“只要”； if only引导的从句要用虚拟语气，意为“但愿……”，“要是……就好了”。例如：
only if you have persistence, can you achieve great success.
惟有你坚持下去，你才能成功。
If only I had wings, I would be able to travel around the world easily.
如果我有翅膀，我就能够轻松地环游地球了。
（六）结果状语从句
结果状语从句由such…that, so…that, so that, that 引导
1. such… that 的常用句型
such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that
such +形容词+可数名词单数+that
such+形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）+that
注意so many （much, few, little） +名词，such a lot of （或lots of）+名词是惯用法，不可乱用。
She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.
They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.
It was such delicious food that they ate it up.
2. so+形容词或副词+that
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that
He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.
It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.
It was such a good day that we all went swimming.
3. so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句
He didn’t study hard, （so） that he failed the exam.
4. too…to, enough…to 可以引导结果状语从句与so…that 替换，so…that结构可以用too…to替换必须具备两个条件，一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致，二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can（could） not.
She is so young that she can’t go to school.
She is too young to go to school.
She isn’t old enough to go to school.
（七）让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由although，though，as，while，even if(though)，whatever，whether...or...，no matter who (when，what...)等引导。
Although/Though she works very hard，(yet) she makes very slow progress.尽管她学习很努力，但还是进步不快。
Whenever I’m unhappy(＝No matter when I’m unhappy)，it is my friend who cheers me up.
不管什么时候我不高兴，总是我的朋友给我鼓励。
【专家提醒】
(1)however引导让步状语从句时，与它所修饰的词一起放在句首。
(2)英语不允许在though 或although从句后同时用but。如果要强调前后两个部分的对比意义，可以在主句前加上yet或still。
2．as引导的让步状语从句的常见的几种倒装方式
(1)如果从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词＋副词”时，常将从句中的副词提到从句的句首。
Hard as you may try，you will not succeed.
尽管你努力了，你可能不会成功。
(2)如果从句的谓语部分为“情态动词＋不及物动词”，常将这个不及物动词提到从句的句首。
Wait as you may，he will not see you.
尽管你等了，他可能不会见你。
(3)如果从句的谓语部分是“系动词＋单数名词”，则常将这个作表语的名词提前，但这个名词前面的不定冠词要省略。
Child as he is，he can tell right from wrong.
尽管他还是个孩子，他能明辨是非。
3．while作“尽管”讲引导让步状语从句时往往放在句首
While I understand your viewpoint，I don’t agree with you.
尽管我明白你的观点，我不赞成你。
（八）方式状语从句
1．as 和just as
二者都表示“如……；犹如……，正如……”。just as 比as强调的语气更强。例如：
In the early days, people could not count as we do now.
在早期日子中，人们不和我们现在一样能计数。
Most plants need sunlight just as they need water.
大部植物像它们需要水一样，也需要阳光。
2．as if 和as though
as if 或as though从句可以用陈述语气，表示可能符合事实的情况；也可以用虚拟语气，表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况，意为“好像，仿佛”。例如：
It looks as though it is going to rain.
天看起来要下雨。
He spoke as if he were a philosopher.
他说话就像是一位哲学家。(从句动词与主语谓语同时发生，从句谓语要用一般过去时)
He speaks as if he had been to the moon.
他谈起话来就好像是去过月球。(从句动作发生在主句谓语之前，从句谓语要用过去完成时)
He speaks as if he would fly to the moon.
他谈起话来就好像是要飞往月球。(从句动词发生在主句谓语之后，从句谓语要用would/could/might＋do)
（九）比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as…as, not as（so）…as, than, the+比较级，the+比较级引导
He swims as well as you. （do）
He doesn’t swim as well as you （do）.
He got here earlier than you. （did）
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
